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Personally, I'd like to see the results of the Andover Law School
conference on just this subject last week. Apparently our academic
legal professionals are in agreement with this opinion, or purported to
be. - Dan<br>
<br>
Carol Wolman wrote:
<blockquote cite="mid:006a01c91d33$74fc5000$6bfb96d8@compaquser"
type="cite">
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<div
style="font-family: arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;">-----
Original Message -----
<div
style="background: rgb(228, 228, 228) none repeat scroll 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;"><b>From:</b>
<a moz-do-not-send="true" title="KarimAG@euro-comm.co.uk"
href="mailto:KarimAG@euro-comm.co.uk">KarimAG</a> </div>
<div><b>Sent:</b> Monday, September 22, 2008 6:46 PM</div>
<div><b>Subject:</b> The Bush Administration Is an Ongoing Criminal
Conspiracy Under International Law and U.S. Domestic Law*</div>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div class="Section1">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Tahoma','sans-serif';"
lang="EN-US">Bush Administration Is Ongoing Criminal Conspiracy under
International/US Criminal Law</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span
style="font-weight: normal; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"
lang="EN-US">Francis A. Boyle</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span
style="font-weight: normal; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"
lang="EN-US">Law Building</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span
style="font-weight: normal; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"
lang="EN-US">504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span
style="font-weight: normal; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"
lang="EN-US">Champaign, IL 61820 USA</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span
style="font-weight: normal; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"
lang="EN-US">217-333-7954 (Voice)</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span
style="font-weight: normal; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"
lang="EN-US">217-244-1478 (Fax)</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span
style="font-weight: normal; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"
lang="EN-US">(personal comments only)</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 400%;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 400%; text-align: center;"
align="center"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 400%;"
lang="EN-US">The Bush Administration Is an Ongoing Criminal Conspiracy
Under International Law and U.S. Domestic Law</span><span
style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 400%;" lang="EN-US">*</span><span
style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 400%;" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 400%; text-align: center;"
align="center"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 400%;"
lang="EN-US">by<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 400%; text-align: center;"
align="center"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 400%;"
lang="EN-US">Francis A. Boyle<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">Justice Robert H. Jackson
Conference: Planning for the Prosecution of High Level American War
Criminals<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">Massachusetts Law School<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">September 13-14, 2008<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">Andover, Massachusetts<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">*Check against oral delivery.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">©2008 by Francis A. Boyle.
All rights reserved.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">Since the impeachable
installation of George W. Bush as President in January of 2001 by the
U.S. Supreme Court’s Gang of Five, the peoples of the world have
witnessed a government in the United States that has demonstrated
little if any respect for fundamental considerations of international
law, human rights, and the United States Constitution. What the world
has watched instead is a comprehensive and malicious assault upon the
integrity of the international and domestic legal orders by a group of
men and women who are thoroughly Machiavellian and Straussian in their
perception of international relations and in their conduct of both
foreign policy and domestic affairs. Even more seriously, in many
instances specific components of the Bush administration’s foreign
policies constitute ongoing criminal activity under well-recognized
principles of both international law and U.S. domestic law, and in
particular the Nuremberg Charter, the Nuremberg Judgment, and the
Nuremberg Principles, as well as the Pentagon’s own U.S. Army Field
Manual 27-10 on <i>The Law of Land Warfare </i>(1956), all of<i> </i>which
apply to President Bush himself as Commander-in-Chief of United States
Armed Forces under Article II, Section 2 of the United States
Constitution.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">Depending upon the substantive
issues involved, those international crimes typically include but are
not limited to the Nuremberg offenses of crimes against peace: For
example, Afghanistan, Iraq, Somalia, and perhaps their longstanding
threatened wars of aggression against Iran and now Pakistan. Their
criminal responsibility also concerns Nuremberg crimes against humanity
and war crimes as well as grave breaches of the Four Geneva Conventions
of 1949 and of the 1907 Hague Regulations on land warfare: For
example, torture at Guantanamo, Bhagram, Abu Ghraib, and elsewhere;
enforced disappearances, assassinations, murders, kidnappings,
extraordinary renditions, “shock and awe,” depleted uranium, white
phosphorous, cluster bombs, Fallujah, and the Gitmo kangaroo courts. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">Furthermore, various members of
the Bush administration have committed numerous inchoate crimes
incidental to these substantive offences that under the Nuremberg
Charter, Judgment, and Principles as well as paragraph 500 of U.S. Army
Field Manual 27-10 are international crimes in their own right:
planning and preparation—which they are currently doing today against
Iran and Pakistan—solicitation, incitement, conspiracy, complicity,
attempt, aiding and abetting.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">Finally, according to basic
principles of international criminal law set forth in paragraph 501 of
U.S. Army Field Manual 27-10, all high level civilian officials and
military officers in the U.S. government who either knew or should have
known that soldiers or civilians under their control (such as the
C.I.A. or private contractors), committed or were about to commit
international crimes and failed to take the measures necessary to stop
them, or to punish them, or both, are likewise personally responsible
for the commission of international crimes. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">At the very top of America’s
criminal chain-of-command are President Bush and Vice-President Cheney;
former U.S. Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld; Rumsfeld’s Deputy Paul
Wolfowitz; Secretary of State Rice; former Director of National
Intelligence Negroponte; National Security Advisor Hadley; his Deputy
Elliot Abrams; former U.S. Attorneys General Ashcroft and Gonzales,
criminally responsible for the torture campaign launched by the Bush
Jr. administration; and the Pentagon’s Joint Chiefs of Staffs along
with the appropriate Regional Commanders-in-Chief, especially for U.S.
Central Command (CENTCOM).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">These U.S. government officials
and their immediate subordinates are responsible for the commission of
crimes against peace, crimes against humanity, and war crimes as
specified by the Nuremberg Charter, Judgment, and Principles as well as
by U.S. Army Field Manual 27-10. Today in international legal terms,
the Bush Jr. administration itself should now be viewed as constituting
an ongoing criminal conspiracy under international criminal law and
U.S. domestic law because of its formulation and undertaking of serial
wars of aggression, crimes against peace, crimes against humanity, and
war crimes in violation of the Nuremberg Charter, Judgment, and
Principles that are legally akin to those perpetrated by the former
Nazi regime in Germany. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">Of course the terrible irony of
today’s situation is that six decades ago at Nuremberg the U.S.
government participated in the prosecution, punishment and execution of
Nazi government officials for committing some of the same types of
heinous international crimes that the members of the Bush
administration currently inflict upon people all over the world. To be
sure, I personally oppose the imposition of capital punishment upon any
human being for any reason no matter how monstrous their crimes,
whether they be Bush Jr., Tony Blair, or Saddam Hussein.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">As a consequence, American
citizens possess the basic right under international law and United
States domestic law, including the U.S. Constitution, to engage in acts
of civil resistance designed to prevent, impede, thwart, or terminate
ongoing criminal activities perpetrated by Bush administration
officials in their conduct of foreign affairs policies and military
operations purported to relate to defense and counter-terrorism.
Today’s civil resisters are the sheriffs! The Bush administration
officials are the outlaws!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">
We American citizens must reaffirm our commitment to the Nuremberg
Charter, Judgment, and Principles by holding our government officials
fully accountable under international law and U.S. domestic law for the
commission of such grievous international and domestic crimes. We must
not permit any aspect of our foreign affairs and defense policies to be
conducted by acknowledged “war criminals” according to the U.S.
government’s own official definitions of that term as set forth in the
Nuremberg Charter, Judgment, and Principles, U.S. Army Field Manual
27-10, the U.S. War Crimes Act, the Four Geneva Conventions and the
Hague Regulations. The American people must insist upon the
impeachment, dismissal, resignation, indictment, conviction, and
long-term incarceration of all U.S. government officials guilty of such
heinous international and domestic crimes. If not so restrained, the
Bush administration could very well precipitate a Third World War. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">
In this regard, during the course of an October 17, 2007 press
conference, President Bush Jr. terrorized the entire world with the
threat of World War III if he could not work his illegal will upon
Iran. It is my opinion that the Bush administration is fully prepared
to use tactical nuclear weapons against Muslim and Arab states and
peoples in order to break the taboo of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. After
the terrible tragedy of September 11, 2001 the United States of America
has vilified and demonized Muslims and Arabs almost to the same extent
that America inflicted upon the Japanese and Japanese Americans after
Pearl Harbor. As the Nazis had previously demonstrated with respect to
the Jews, a government must first dehumanize and scapegoat a race of
people before its citizens will tolerate if not approve their
elimination: witness Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In post -9/11 America we
are directly confronted with the prospect of a nuclear war of
extermination conducted by our White Racist Judeo-Christian Power Elite
against Peoples of Color in the Muslim and Arab worlds in order to
steal their oil and gas. The Crusades all over again. But this time
nuclear Armageddon stares all of humankind right in the face! <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span
style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">We American lawyers must be
inspired by the stunning example set by those heroic Pakistani lawyers
who led the successful struggle against the brutal Bush-supported
Musharraf military dictatorship in Pakistan. We American lawyers must
now lead the fight against the Bush dictatorship and empire! This is <i>our</i>
Nuremberg Moment!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;" lang="EN-US">Thank
you.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
</blockquote>
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