Fw: End of an era in Roanoke

Tue May 19 17:51:38 EDT 2020

Greetings,
The end of an era is an understatement. My dad worked for the N&W so I grew up in a N&W household. Over the years I have told my friends that the color that our front porch was painted usually ended up being the color of whatever paint was left over after a job was completed on the railroad. As a boy I remember helping my dad paint the front porch. Seems that it was green, then gray and the last color that I remember was signal box silver! Ha! Imagine riding down a Roanoke County road passing a white wooden home with an aluminum colored front wooden porch! I will miss Norfolk Southern having a home in Roanoke. I know anyone that lived in the “Star City” over the last 70+ years will miss the N&W, “The Giant of Steam” and home of “Precision Railroading”. Thanks to the N&W Railway for the memories!
Everyone stay well and safe,
Norris

Norris Deyerle

Blue Ridge Chapter, National Railway Historical Society Chairman of Virginia's Rail Heritage Region Partners

BRC, NRHS Info: www.blueridgenrhs.org<http://www.blueridgenrhs.org>

744 Chinook Place

Lynchburg, Virginia 24502-4908

Cell: 434-851-0151

________________________________
From: Eliznico <henricastle at gmail.com>
Sent: Tuesday, May 19, 2020 4:49 PM
To: Holiday Greetings <henricastle at gmail.com>
Subject: Fwd: End of an era in Roanoke

All –

Louise Ward of our Chapter kindly sent this article for us to enjoy.  Scroll down for lots of N&W photos.

Nicolas
________________________

This article was in yesterday’s Roanoke Times. Stay healthy!

https://www.roanoke.com/opinion/editorials/editorial-end-of-an-era-for-roanoke/article_545bb9de-39d0-59e8-b052-782ad0a81dd2.html?utm_medium=social&fbclid=IwAR391XpRoRmPB6Mqbr-QvkNgH_KBjGNgQ_vAzgibH5FnzEO3Zd5MWThyQ-4

Editorial: End of an era for Roanoke
[cid:16f74393-33a5-4308-9658-f29d1e5d77bd]
Norfolk Southern locomotives sit on the tracks in Roanoke last summer. Now the company has said it will close the locomotive shop here and move those jobs to a single locomotive shop in Altoona, Pennsylvania.

DAVID HUNGATE | Special to The Roanoke Times

Today is a red-letter day in the history of Roanoke.
Today is the last official day for Norfolk Southern’s locomotive shop — once the economic engine that powered Roanoke.
Founded in 1881 as the Roanoke Machine Works (and acquired by Norfolk & Western in 1883), “the shops” date back to a time when Roanoke was still Big Lick. If you had to tell the history of the city from just one location, that would be the place to do it from. In the 1930s, the railroad employed more than 6,000 workers in Roanoke — one of every 11.5 people in the city. On any given day, as many as four locomotives and 20 rail cars were being assembled in those shops. Roanoke was the Detroit of the rail industry, at a time when being compared to Detroit was still a compliment. Those Roanoke shops were on the cutting-edge of technology for their day, producing the J-Class engines that were the most advanced class of steam locomotives ever built — the railroad equivalent of a Saturn V rocket. Today just one of those fabled engines survived — our beloved 611 — and it’s literally a museum piece. And now the shops themselves are shuttered, fallen victim to a changing economy and a Norfolk Southern restructuring that has seen those jobs moved to Altoona, Pennsylvania.

The railroad’s Roanoke employment is now down to about 650, which puts it in the same range as Lowe’s and Food Lion, according to the Virginia Employment Commission. The odds are someday those numbers will go even lower.
Let’s be clear-eyed about why this is happening. This is not happening because of “corporate greed,” as one union leader put it when the closing was announced. Corporations are always motivated to increase shareholder profits, but this is a lot bigger than increasing the quarterly dividend. Northern Southern is diminishing its presence in Roanoke because there’s no longer an economic rationale to be here.
Why was the railroad in Roanoke in the first place? Because this was a convenient staging ground for trains hauling coal out of Appalachia. Coal, though, no longer powers America and certainly not Norfolk Southern’s freight business. The railroad’s coal shipments are down 48% since 2008. Blame environmental regulations if you wish but the real “war on coal” is now being waged by the free market. Other forms of energy are now cheaper than coal. It’s not simply environmentalists demanding an end to coal; we now see big businesses — even Walmart — telling Virginia utility regulators they want to buy more renewable energy.
Norfolk Southern said last year that coal now accounts for less than 15% of its business and that share will surely continue to drop. If coal is no longer a big deal for the railroad, then what’s the business rationale for being in Roanoke? There isn’t much of one. This is a lesson that has pretty profound implications — and those implications go far beyond Roanoke.
Once the economy was based on immoveable assets (ports, rivers, mines) and hard-to-move assets (infrastructure such as roads and rails.) People moved to wherever natural resources dictated the jobs would be. There are still some remnants of that economy left — the WestRock paper mill makes sense in Covington because there are forests producing timber all around — but otherwise that economy is mostly gone. Now jobs in the “new economy” move to where the people are. Why did Amazon locate in Arlington? Not because Virginia offered the biggest incentive package — it didn’t. Not because Virginia has some fixed asset that Amazon needed to be near, because a tech company doesn’t depend on any natural resource in the traditional sense. Instead Amazon chose Arlington because Northern Virginia has a deep well of tech-skilled workers — and the state promised to produce even more of them.
Here’s what that means for Roanoke — and every other place in the country, for that matter. If you don’t have the workforce that companies want, they will go somewhere else. Geography once helped shape the economy: Norfolk & Western had a rationale to be in Roanoke in 1881. Now geography and the economy have become disconnected: Amazon could go anywhere it wanted. That’s one reason we’re seeing what economists call geo-spatial economic disparities — the clustering of high-tech jobs in a relative handful of go-go urban areas that have the biggest talent pools. Here’s another way to frame that: There’s really no reason for “new economy” jobs to be in Roanoke or anywhere else unless we invent one. That’s harsh but simply the free market at work.
We see this less clearly in Roanoke than we do further west. Appalachia was lightly-populated until coal started being mined in the late 1800s, then the population of those counties soared — some doubled in size over the course of a single decade and then doubled again. Now that coal is on the way out, those counties are seeing their populations fall as people move out. The real question: How low can they go? If Wise County reverted to its pre-coal population, the county would have just 4,785 people — the number in the 1870 census — and not the 56,336 the county had at its peak in 1950 or the 37,752 it’s estimated to have now. Should it be public policy to simply let coal communities depopulate, or should there be a concerted effort to build a new economy there? Be careful how you answer that because, in some ways, Roanoke is a coal community, too — or was. We’ve just been more successful at diversifying our economy — and the departure of the East End shops underscores once again how imperative it is that we do so.
So how can communities refashion themselves to compete in the new economy? Fortunately, the answer for that is easy. Unfortunately, acting on that answer is much harder. The magnet for jobs in the new economy isn’t ore or a rail junction, it’s a skilled workforce. U.S. Labor Department data shows that 66% of jobs today require something more than a high school diploma — and 39% require a college degree. The bad news is that Roanoke ranks below that in the percentage of workers with a college degree (23.2% in the city) and most rural areas rank even lower (Dickenson County comes in at 9.3%). The biggest single economic development initiative any of those localities can engage in is to develop a better-educated labor pool, be it through recruiting newcomers or getting local adults back to school — or both. The most productive way to mourn the railroad’s passing would be to donate to the scholarship program at your local community college.

Photos: Glimpses of Roanoke's railroad heritage from the N&W to Norfolk Southern
[cid:a786f0b4-0639-490c-9ba3-b87568d8243e]
The first Norfolk & Western Railway engine built in the Roanoke shops, then called the Roanoke Machine Works, circa 1884.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:9dccb7ee-56bd-4d33-a4cd-3ae31882c620]
A steam locomotive pulls boxcars along the tracks in this undated image.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:a5b9682f-b614-445b-a73b-36a050eb39a4]
An aerial view of the Norfolk & Western Railway shops in Roanoke. Several thousand employees worked in this plant, and considered it one of the most modern railway shops in the United States. The N&W offices and Hotel Roanoke are in the foreground. Norfolk Southern Corp., the descendant of the N&W, announced last week it would be eliminating the remaining locomotive-related jobs in the shops.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:766cfe31-532a-4891-9897-e8492662ab47]
The Norfolk and Western Railway East End Shops tool room, circa 1932.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:6e70ac99-d098-4b74-9492-1f0348437e96]
A Norfolk and Western Railway coal train.

[cid:58354cb9-edf3-47ab-b105-a7cc20ebb7cd]
The Norfolk and Western Railway freight station in downtown Roanoke, circa 1938. Part of the building now houses the Virginia Museum of Transportation.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:bced3f68-5c6a-4772-b6dc-688581a17c67]
Roanoke Machine Works circa 1886. These shops were built from 1882-1883, and were the springboard for the explosive early growth of the then boomtown of Roanoke.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:63df712d-55d6-48b6-a5c9-0eda55844d8a]

Norfolk and Western Railway workers circa 1895.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:012ea4ee-bfb6-4d90-9938-cf3e3e276332]
A locomotive being fabricated in the Norfolk and Western East End Shops.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:84153632-2a20-40ec-a771-20e3b0ea763f]
The Norfolk and Western Railway erecting shop.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:9c9e4a56-1544-4c1d-9005-43b5ce5db4ba]
Iron was one of the materials that Norfolk and Western trains would carry along the rails.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:8634b4fa-5551-4b84-88e2-3faacbb8f900]
A Norfolk and Western engine carrying passengers along the railway.  [Ed. comment – Is this where Lionel got the idea for its track?]
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:2f77fce7-4d59-490b-9981-a0c732c8feb7]
An aerial view of the Norfolk and Western Railway shops at Shaffers Crossing, circa 1922.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:ffc7a2c8-0e19-4643-bc34-687a24fcbcaf]
A boxcar/service car along the Norfolk and Western Railway, circa 1919.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:522cc6eb-bfa8-4e36-b217-851c579c7534]
A Norfolk and Western steam train along the railway.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:aa2cbee3-b130-486f-8eed-4a7d3dd7fc0e]
Norfolk and Western trains gliding through the mountains.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:a05e8fcf-1e33-40e7-b9b2-b7bdc7a715a8]
The Norfolk and Western railyard in Roanoke circa 1938.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:686bb0a5-5640-4449-ab6a-72704dc7c5cd]
The Norfolk and Western storehouse, circa 1960s.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:d2d79221-3ddf-4f8a-8c1c-c76c98d6d66a]
Machinists built and maintained modern Norfolk and Western rolling stock.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:d12d2550-3bca-4535-b502-fdde0b415bf7]
Passengers board a Norfolk and Western train in Roanoke, circa 1935.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:3e353d09-374b-4ec0-9e1e-14ee08fd4187]
One of the early locomotives built in Norfolk and Western shops, circa 1900.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:3651a58f-41cc-4be5-ad8a-814b776ec4c2]
Roanoke Machine Works, circa 1897.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:82ba2897-0d55-4bdb-98ef-f7f8f4c4704d]
Norfolk and Western Railway in downtown Roanoke, circa 1951.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:7542b0b1-15a6-4aa9-b74d-de12a557c5c2]

Norfolk and Western Railway workers, circa 1910.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:2ab2b81b-7568-4b42-8578-c2a1c48a35c5]
A view of the Norfolk and Western East End Shops, circa 1938.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:723c3313-a98e-4923-9950-accd052c12a7]
A Norfolk and Western Railway tie treating plant in Radford circa 1936.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:cfa01fbe-48ca-424c-9ebe-954d8580d4a5]
The Norfolk and Western Railway shops in Roanoke circa 1926.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:c659754d-32a3-42a3-acda-2031dba158a1]
The Norfolk and Western Railway yard west of downtown Roanoke, circa 1938.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:0b57b9fd-a5a2-4fdd-a698-e6b8d8854228]
A 1920 union demonstration at the Norfolk and Western shops. This demonstration was in Elmwood Park.

[cid:fefd8235-e6e4-4f98-8d5f-20eb404e096b]
The coach yard crew in 1917.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:c9291bb3-6981-4c4f-a018-bcf4ba445138]
A track inspection crew circa 1890. Note link-&-pin coupler, no air brakes.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:2dcbbd47-c130-460b-bd4b-177b06d0e106]
Workers in the Norfolk and Western East End Shops building a steam engine, circa 1938.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:eb9dd03b-b468-4237-b648-334975069faa]
Working along the tracks near downtown Roanoke in the early 20th century.
The Roanoke Times | File

[cid:148f8faf-cf69-4067-b0ff-014567746914]
Building a new caboose circa 1888.
The Roanoke Times | File

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